Characteristics
Bright & Wide Gamut
Bright colors, wide color gamut coverage
Optimal Compatibility & Build-up
Excellent compatibility and build-up
High Exhaustion & Reproducibility
High exhaustion rate, good reproducibility
Excellent Wet Fastness & Clean Processing
Excellent wet fastness, clean subsequent processing
High Lightfastness even in Light Shades
Extremely high lightfastness even in light shades
Metal-Free & Economical
Free from metal ions, good cost-effectiveness
Shades and Reference Data
|
ANOFIX ®A |
Shade |
Solubility
(g/L)
(9L) |
Light Fastness
IS0
105-B02 |
Washing Fastness
ISO 105-C06 50℃ |
Alkaline Perspiration Fastness
ISO 105-E04 |
Milling Fastness
ISO 105/E09 |
Rubbing Fastness
ISO 105/X12 |
Dry Cleaning
ISO 105-D01 |
| % |
90℃ |
1SD |
CH |
WO |
CO |
CH |
WO |
CO |
CO |
WO |
Dry |
Wet |
CH |
Stain |
| Yellow A4G |
|
1.4 |
100 |
7 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Orange ARG |
|
1.8 |
100 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Scarlet A3G |
|
2 |
100 |
5-6 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Red A6G |
|
1.2 |
100 |
6-7 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Red A2G |
|
1.5 |
100 |
6 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
4-5 |
3-4 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Red AB |
|
1.2 |
100 |
6 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
3-4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Red A5B |
|
1.3 |
100 |
5-6 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
3-4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Blue A8G |
|
1.8 |
100 |
5-6 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
4-5 |
3 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
| Blue A3R |
|
1.5 |
100 |
5 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
3-4 |
5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
| Blue A3G |
|
1.5 |
100 |
6 |
5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
4 |
4-5 |
4-5 |
5 |
5 |
Wool Pretreatment / Bleaching
Wool Scouring
Since wool contains natural grease or may be contaminated with spinning oils or grey dust during processing, it is recommended to scour it before dyeing.
Recommended Recipe:
| 0.5~3.0 |
g/L |
ANOKE® Chelating Dispersant HRO |
| 0.5~2.0 |
g/L |
ANOKE® Scouring & Degreasing Agent CA |
| y |
g/L |
Soda Ash |
Treat at 40–50°C with the bath pH adjusted to 8.0–9.0 for 20–30 min.
Bleaching / Fluorescent Whitening
Wool can be bleached in conventional dyeing equipment.
Oxidative Bleaching
Common bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide should be used under alkaline conditions. The phosphorus-free alkaline bleaching process employs ANOKE® Oxygen Bleach Stabilizer WO, which provides superior whiteness compared to products containing phosphorus-based stabilizers.
Recommended Recipe:
| 4.0 |
g/L |
ANOKE® Oxygen Bleach Stabilizer WO |
| 0~2 |
g/L |
ANOKE® Chelating Dispersant HRO |
| 15~35 |
ml/L |
30% Hydrogen Peroxide |
| Treat at 45–60°C for 1 hour. |
| Drain, rinse and wash at pH 5.5–6.0. |
Reductive Bleaching
Reductive bleaching uses stable bisulfite, which can be applied as a standalone bleaching process or as a follow-up to peroxide bleaching. Reductive bleaching significantly increases the whiteness of wool.
Recommended Recipe:
| 0.5~1.0 |
g/L |
ANOKE® Chelating Dispersant HRO |
| 2.0~5.0 |
g/L |
Stable Sodium Dithionite |
| X |
% |
ANOKE® Fluorescent Whitening Agent |
| Treat at 50–60°C for 60–90 min, then drain and rinse. |
In the final rinse, add 0.5–0.8 ml/L of 30% hydrogen peroxide to remove residual sulfides.
If required, fluorescent whitening agents may be added during reductive bleaching.
Dyeing Process
Dyeing Auxiliaries
High-Efficiency Wetting & Defoaming Agent ANOKE® High-Efficiency Wetting & Defoaming Agent FFA removes air from the wool in the dye bath and ensures rapid wetting, while also providing defoaming action.
Leveling Agent ANOKE® Leveling Agent B is an amphoteric auxiliary with affinity for both dyestuff and fiber. It improves dyestuff exhaustion, surface leveling on wool fibers, and helps dyestuff penetration into the fiber. For dyeing yarn and piece goods in light to medium shades, add 3%–10% Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous to improve surface leveling and reduce the rate of dyestuff uptake. With a liquor ratio ranging from 8:1 to 30:1, add 1–2% of ANOKE® Leveling Agent B depending on the shade.
Wool Protection Product ANOKE® Lubricant Agent NLD improves wool quality during processing. It reduces felting during the dyeing process and provides lubrication, improving the performance of loose wool in subsequent carding and spinning. For wool package and hank dyeing, it increases luster, reduces yarn breakage, and improves productivity. In piece dyeing, mechanical friction marks and shrinkage are minimized.
Dissolving Dyestuff Make a paste with cold soft water, then add hot water (70–80°C) and stir thoroughly (use a high-speed stirrer if necessary).
Auxiliaries and chemicals should be added after dissolution. For solubility (g/L) of individual dyestuffs, please refer to the solubility (g/L) listed in the pattern card table.
Loose Wool and Top Dyeing Process
Standard Process Recommended for All Shades
| A |
0.5 |
g/l |
ANOKE® High-Efficiency Wetting & Defoaming Agent FFA |
| 1.0~2.0 |
% |
ANOKE® Leveling Agent B |
| 1.0~2.0 |
g/l |
ANOKE® Lubricant Agent NLD |
| 0~10.0 |
% |
Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous |
| 4.0 |
% |
Ammonium Sulfate |
| x |
% |
Acetic Acid |
| pH Value |
|
7.0~3.5 (see table) |
| B |
y |
% |
ANOFIX® |
| C |
z |
% |
Soda Ash / Ammonia |
| pH Value |
|
8.0–8.5 (final pH value) |
| D |
1.0 |
% |
Formic Acid |
Yarn and Piece Goods Dyeing Process
Standard Process with Good Leveling for All Shades
Simple process with excellent reproducibility.
Dyeing with dyestuff and ANOKE® Leveling Agent B at 98°C is the standard dyeing process for the ANOFIX® series.
The dyeing temperature can also be raised to 105°C to shorten the processing time.
| A |
0.5 |
g/l |
ANOKE® High-Efficiency Wetting & Defoaming Agent FFA |
| 1.0~2.0 |
% |
ANOKE® Leveling Agent B |
| 1.0~2.0 |
g/l |
ANOKE® Lubricant Agent NLD |
| 0~10.0 |
% |
Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous |
| 4.0 |
% |
Ammonium Sulfate |
| x |
% |
Acetic Acid |
| pH Value |
|
7.0–4.5 (see table) |
| B |
y |
% |
ANOFIX® |
| C |
z |
% |
Soda Ash / Ammonia |
| pH Value |
|
8.0–8.5 (final pH value) |
| D |
1.0 |
% |
Formic Acid |
Dyehouses may also opt for the traditional aftertreatment method:
Drain the dye liquor and rinse. In a fresh bath, adjust the pH to 8.0–8.5 (final) with Soda Ash or ammonia; heat to 80–85°C and hold for 20 minutes for aftertreatment; rinse thoroughly, then neutralize with formic acid.
Dyeing Method for Machine-Washable Wool
Machine-washable wool requires high color fastness, remaining like new after repeated washing. To ensure quality and add high value to the wool, a stable and reliable dyeing process is essential.
| A |
0.5 |
g/l |
ANOKE® High-Efficiency Wetting & Defoaming Agent FFA |
| 1.0~2.0 |
% |
ANOKE® Leveling Agent B |
| 1.0 |
g/l |
ANOKE® Lubricant Agent NLD |
| 5.0~10.0 |
% |
Sodium Sulfate Anhydrous |
| 4.0 |
% |
Ammonium Sulfate |
| x |
% |
Acetic Acid |
| pH Value |
|
7.0–4.0 (see table) |
| B |
y |
% |
ANOFIX® |
| C |
z |
% |
Soda Ash / Ammonia |
| pH Value |
|
8.0–8.5 (final pH value) |
| D |
1.0 |
% |
Formic Acid |
Note:
Improvement of leveling: Add 1% leveling agent ANOKE® SET simultaneously during the dyeing process.
Process Parameters
Dyestuff Shade, Dyeing Time and Temperature Table
| Dyeing Shade (%) |
98℃ |
85℃ |
105℃ |
| 0~0.5 |
30 min |
45 min |
– |
| 0.5~1.0 |
40 min |
60 min |
– |
| 1.0~1.5 |
50 min |
75 min |
25 min |
| 1.5~2.0 |
60 min |
90 min |
30 min |
| 2.0~4.0 |
75 min |
– |
35 min |
| > 4.0 |
90 min |
– |
45 min |
Dyeing pH
Since wool reactive dyes are applied under acidic conditions, the dye bath pH depends on the shade depth and the affinity between the dyestuff and the wool fiber. The affinity between the dyestuff and the wool fiber can generally be increased through shrink-resist finishing – chlorination or peroxide treatment, and particularly through machine-washable finishes such as chlorination/Hercosett treatment of wool.
The following table shows the recommended dyeing pH values for different shade depths. Before adding the dyestuff, the pH must be measured with a pH meter or precision pH test strips.
| Dyestuff Shade (%) |
ANOKE® Leveling Agent B (%) |
Regular Wool pH |
Chlorinated or Shrink-Resist Wool pH |
Dyeing Time (min) |
Aftertreatment (N/Y) |
| 0~0.5 |
1.0~1.5 |
7.0~6.5 |
8.0~7.5 |
30 |
N |
| 0.5~1.0 |
1.0~1.5 |
6.5~6.0 |
7.5~7.0 |
40–50 |
N |
| 1.0~2.0 |
1.0~1.5 |
6.0~5.5 |
7.0~6.5 |
60 |
Y |
| 2.0~4.0 |
2.0 |
5.5~4.5 |
6.5~5.5 |
75 |
Y |
| >4.0 |
2.0 |
4.5~3.5 |
5.5~4.5 |
90 |
Y |
Precise measurement of the dye bath pH within the range corresponding to the dyeing shade will ensure uniform color. It is recommended to use a buffer solution in the dye bath, such as ammonium sulfate / acetic acid or sodium acetate / acetic acid.
Recommendations and Instructions
Dye bright light shades at 85°C. Dye bright light shades at 85°C. Hold for 20–30 minutes.
Add 1.0 g/L ANOKE® Brightening Agent HS-330 and hold at 85°C for 20 minutes.
The purpose of aftertreatment is to remove unfixed dyestuff. For dyestuff shades below 1%, simply rinse the dyed wool and acidify with 1% formic acid (85%).
For dyestuff shades above 1%, the aftertreatment bath can be carried out in the original or fresh dye bath, with the pH adjusted to 8.0–8.5 directly using Soda Ash.
During aftertreatment, maintaining the final bath pH at 8.0–8.5 is critical for achieving the best wet fastness.
Note: It is recommended to take a small sample of the treatment liquor after 5 minutes of aftertreatment at 80°C, cool it to 40°C, and then test the pH value.
Shade Adjustment ANOFIX® offers high reproducibility, and all dyestuffs can be used for re-adjustment without the need for additional auxiliaries. If a large amount of dyestuff is required for shade adjustment, an extra 0.5% ANOKE® Leveling Agent B should be added.
Cool the dye bath to 60°C, then add the dyestuff. After running for 10–15 minutes, heat the bath evenly to 85°C and hold the wool at this temperature for 20–40 minutes.
Correction of Faulty Dyeings The bonding between dyestuff and fiber is very strong, making it difficult to level unevenly dyed wool or to lighten overly deep shades. It is recommended that faulty dyeings in light or medium shades be over-dyed to dark shades or Black.
Reprocessed wool often feels harsh, which can be improved by adding 1.0–2.0% ANOKE® Softener N in the final rinse bath at 30–35°C.
